Powers v. Ohio’s Empirical Analysis
1991
Citation profile
898 federal appellate · 233 district · 2,536 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 4,645 later decisions (69 by the Supreme Court) — most recently October 2025 · most notably Hernandez v. New York (1991), JEB v. Alabama Ex Rel. TB (1994)
898 federal appellate · 233 district · 2,536 state decisions — followed in 47 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Batson v. Kentucky · Warth v. Seldin · Rakas v. Illinois · Allen v. Wright
Cited together with Batson v. Kentucky · Hernandez v. New York · Edmonson v. Leesville Concrete Co. · Georgia v. McCollum · Purkett v. Elem
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 4,645 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“there must exist some hindrance to the third party's ability to protect his or her own interests.”
76 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent“A prosecutor’s wrongful exclusion of a juror by a race-based peremptory challenge is a constitutional violation committed in open court at the outset of the proceedings. The overt wrong, often apparent to the entire jury panel, casts doubt over the obligation of the parties, the jury, and indeed the court to adhere to the law throughout the trial of the cause. The voir dire phase of the trial represents the jurors’ first introduction to the substantive factual and legal issues in a case. The influence of the voir dire process may persist through the whole course of the trial proceedings.”
39 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent“a practice that forecloses a significant opportunity to participate in civic life.”
39 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.