50 Va. App. 577 - Raab v. Commonwealth’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

2 federal appellate · 36 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 38 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. ““It is important to remember that we are not limited to what the stopping officer says or to evidence of his subjective rationale; rather, we look to the record as a whole to determine what facts were known to the officer and then consider whether a reasonable officer in those circumstances would have been suspicious.” Consequently, the “police officer conducting a stop is not required to precisely and individually articulate the facts that added up to suspicion in his mind.””

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. William Edward Freeman, Jr. v. Commonwealth of Virginia · 51 Va. App. 730 - Jones v. Commonwealth