Lehnert v. Ferris Faculty Assn.’s Empirical Analysis
1991
Citation profile
160 federal appellate · 42 district · 69 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 443 later decisions (20 by the Supreme Court) — most recently June 2022 · most notably Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System v. Southworth (2000), Glickman v. Wileman Brothers & Elliott, Inc. (1997)
160 federal appellate · 42 district · 69 state decisions — followed in 13 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedLehnert v. Ferris Faculty Ass'n (from Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Applies 29 U.S.C. § 158 (§ 8 of the National Labor Relations Act) · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act)) · 45 U.S.C. § 151 (Railway Labor Act) · 45 U.S.C. § 152 (Railway Labor Act)
Relies on Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc. · Anderson v. City of Bessemer City · Buckley v. Valeo · Elrod v. Burns · National Association for Advancement of Colored People v. Y Button
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 443 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[C]hargeable activities must (1) be 'germane' to collective-bargaining activity; (2) be justified by the government's vital policy interest in labor peace and avoiding 'free riders'; and (3) not significantly add to the burdening of free speech that is inherent in the allowance of an agency or union shop.”
20 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“to collective-bargaining activity; (2) be justified by the government's vital policy interest in labor peace and avoiding”
13 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“a local bargaining representative may charge objecting employees for their pro rata share of the costs associated with otherwise chargeable activities of its state and national affiliates, even if those activities were not performed for the direct benefit of the objecting employees' bargaining unit.”
11 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.