Peterson v. Baker’s Empirical Analysis
504 F.3d 1331 · 2007
Citation profile
2 federal appellate ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 20 later decisions — most recently April 2021
2 federal appellate ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on County of Sacramento v. Lewis · Johnson v. Glick · Sepulveda v. U.S. Attorney General · Gilbert v. Richardson · Lillard v. Shelby County Board of Education
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 20 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“excessive corporal punishment, at least where not administered in conformity with a valid school policy authorizing corporal punishment. . ., may be actionable under the Due Process Clause when it is tantamount to arbitrary, egregious, and conscience-shocking behavior.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“A plaintiff must prove at a minimum that `(1) a school official intentionally used an amount of force that was obviously excessive under the circumstances, and (2) the force used presented a reasonably foreseeable risk of serious bodily injury.'”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“[I]f the use of force was objectively reasonable that is, if it `was not excessive as a matter of law and was a reasonable response to the student's misconduct' then the subjective intent of the school official is unimportant.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.