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51 Ala. 210

Matthews v. Hobbs

Supreme Court of Alabama

Decided June 15, 1874

Supreme Court of Alabama · decided 1874-06-15

The petition for the writ was presented to the probate judge, in vacation; the writ was issued by him, and was duly executed and returned; and on the hearing the following judgment was rendered : “ Probate court, Limestone county, Alabama, August term, 1878. Claiborne Hobbs; ward; petition for habeas corpus.

Relies on Guilford v. Hicks · Field v. Walker · Wilkinson v. Murphy

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Decided 1874-06-15

How this case has been cited

Cited by 3 later decisions — most recently December 1925

3 state decisions

10187418801890190019101920decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

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PETERS, C. J.

¶1[After stating the facts.] Under repeated decisions of this tribunal, no appeal lies to this court from such án order as that from which the appeal here was sued out. It- is not a final judgment or decree, conclusively settling any question, sav.e the right of the person alleged to be illegally imprisoned, or restrained of his liberty, to be discharged from the restraint and imprisonment complained of, Guilford v. Hicks, 36 Ala. 95; Wilkinson v. Murphy, 20 Ala. 104. Upon the hearing on the writ, upon the return thereof, the officer by whom it has been issued can only “ inquire into the cause of such imprisonment or restraint,” and discharge the person restrained, if the restraint is illegal, or remand him to the custody of the person imposing the restraint, if the restraint is not illegal. Beyond this, the officer awarding the *212writ has no jurisdiction to proceed. Rev. Code, p. 785, Habeas Corpus, §§ 4260, 4275, 4279, 4281.

¶2The right to the custody of a child who is a bastard, and whose mother is dead, cannot be contested in this way. The child is interested in such a contest, and is entitled to a jury to determine the facts of the case, and to appeal, if there is error in the proceedings; which is not provided for in a case made on a petition for habeas corpus. The order of the court, awarding the custody of the child to the petitioner, Hobbs, was a misapprehension of the law. The child should have been discharged from the restraint, if the evidence showed that the restraint was illegal; and if it was above seven years of age, and had no mother or guardian to receive it, and was of sufficient health and discretion, it should have been permitted to select its own custodian. The father of a bastard child, merely as such, has no right to its custody. Schouler’s Dom. Rel. pp. 840, 383.

¶3The application for the writ of habeas corpus, in favor of the person imprisoned, or under restraint, can be repeated as often as the restraint is found to be illegal; and the mere discharge from the illegal restraint is, under our statute, the sole object of the writ. When the illegal restraint is removed, no one has the right to complain, save the person discharged; and if the person discharged is dissatisfied with the order, he can return to the custody complained of, of his own accord. For this reason, doubtless, our statute has not provided for any appeal in such a case, or any trial of the facts by a jury, which is necessary when any right of person or property is invaded, and the right is contested in a court of law. Const. Ala. Art. I. § 13.

¶4Such a controversy as this is best settled by a court of chancery. Woodruff v. Conley, at January term, 1874.

¶5The judgment of the court below is reversed; and as the appeal cannot be sustained, it is dismissed, with costs. 17 Ala. 80, 84.

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