State v. Williams’s Empirical Analysis
1990
Citation profile
185 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 185 later decisions — most recently March 2026 · most notably State v. Loza (1994), 93 Ohio App. 3d 586 - State v. Retherford (1994)
185 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Terry v. Ohio · Coolidge v. New Hampshire · United States v. Mendenhall · United States v. Cortez · Adams v. Williams
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 185 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“To justify a brief investigative stop or detention of an individual pursuant to Terry, a police officer must be able to cite specific and articulable facts which, taken together with rational inferences derived from those facts, give rise to a reasonable suspicion that the individual is engaged or about to be engaged in criminal activity.”
10 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“'warrant a man of reasonable caution in the belief' that the action taken was appropriate?”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“An investigatory stop must be justified by some objective manifestation that the person stopped is, or is about to be, engaged in criminal activity.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.