Kennedy v. Sampson’s Empirical Analysis
511 F.2d 430 · 1974
Citation profile
57 federal appellate · 37 district · 20 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 175 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently September 2025 · most notably Raines v. Byrd (1997), Vander Jagt v. O'Neill (1983)
57 federal appellate · 37 district · 20 state decisions — followed in 10 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Baker v. Carr · Association of Data Processing Service Organizations, Inc. v. Camp · Flast v. Cohen · Sierra Club v. Morton · Coleman v. Miller
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 175 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[h]ere, the plaintiffs include twenty senators, whose votes against ratification have been overridden and virtually held for naught although if they are right in their contentions their votes would have been sufficient to defeat ratification.”
8 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[Ajppellee’s vote in favor of the bill in question has been nullified and appellee has no right to demand or participate in a vote to override the President’s veto. 110”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[A]ppellee's object in this lawsuit is to vindicate the effectiveness of his vote. No more essential interest could be asserted by a legislator.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.