Federal Election Commission v. NRA Political Victory Fund’s Empirical Analysis
1994
Citation profile
98 federal appellate · 41 district · 25 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 263 later decisions (9 by the Supreme Court) — most recently July 2024 · most notably Bowles v. Russell (2007), Hibbs Director Arizona Department of Revenue v. Winn et al. (2004)
98 federal appellate · 41 district · 25 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedFederal Election Commission v. NRA Political Victory Fund (from District of Columbia Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Applies 26 U.S.C. § 9001 (Presidential Election Campaign Fund Act) · 26 U.S.C. § 9010 · 26 U.S.C. § 9031 (Presidential Primary Matching Payment Account Act) · 28 U.S.C. § 2101 · 28 U.S.C. § 516 · 28 U.S.C. § 518 · 2 U.S.C. § 431 (§ 301 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971) · 2 U.S.C. § 437C (§ 306 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971)
Relies on Will v. Michigan Department of State Police · Federal Deposit Insurance v. Meyer · United States v. L. A. Tucker Truck Lines, Inc. · First National Bank of Boston v. X Bellotti · United States v. Detroit Timber & Lumber Co.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 263 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“essential that the party ratifying should be able not merely to do the act ratified at the time the act was done, but also at the time the ratification was made.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent“the question is at least presumptively governed by principles of agency law, and in particular the doctrine of ratification.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent“The bringing of an action, or of an appeal, by a purported agent can not be ratified after the cause of action or right to appeal has been terminated by lapse of time.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.