Armstrong v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1987
Citation profile
18 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 18 later decisions — most recently May 2015
18 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Batson v. Kentucky · Lockett v. Ohio · 516 So. 2d 768 - Ex Parte Jackson · 461 So. 2d 852 - Ex Parte Williams · 425 So. 2d 500 - Gwin v. State
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 18 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“"The prosecutor's statements are not evidence. Henry v. State , 468 So.2d 896 , 899 (Ala.Cr.App. 1984), cert. denied , 468 So.2d 902 (Ala. 1985). Further, prosecutors are to be allowed a wide latitude in their exhortations to the jury. Varner v. State , 418 So.2d 961 (Ala.Cr.App. 1982). 'Statements of counsel in argument must be viewed as in the heat of debate and must be valued at their true worth rather than as factors in the formation of the verdict." Orr v. State , 462 So.2d 1013 , 1016 (Ala.Cr.App. 1984)."”
7 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. Scheuing v. State · Dill v. State“"The purpose for requiring that a chain of custody be established is to show a reasonable probability that there has been no tampering with an item of evidence. Fleming v. State , 470 So.2d 1343 (Ala.Cr.App. 1985); Gwin v. State , 425 So.2d 500 (Ala.Cr.App. 1982), writ quashed, Ex parte Gwin , 425 So.2d 510 *Page 158 (Ala. 1983). 'In passing upon the admissibility of such evidence, "the trial judge should consider the nature of the article and the circumstances surrounding its presentation and custody," and permit its introduction where continuity of possession is "sufficiently established." ' Oliver v. State , 479 So.2d 1385 , 1390 (Ala.Cr.App. 1985), quoting Washington v. State , 339 So.2d 611 , 615 (Ala.Cr.App.), cert. denied, 339 So.2d 616 (Ala. 1976). ' "The evidence need not negate the most remote possibility of substitution, alteration of tampering with the evidence, but rather must prove to a reasonable probability that the item is the same as, and not substantially different from the object as it existed at the beginning of the chain." ' (Emphasis added.) Fleming v. State , supra, at 1346, quoting Slaughter v. State , 411 So.2d 819 , 822 (Ala.Cr.App. 1981)."”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“The evidence need not negate the most remote possibility of substitution, alteration of tampering with the evidence, but rather must prove to a reasonable probability that the item is the same as, and not substantially different from the object as it existed at the beginning of the chain.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.