52 Cal. 4th 419 - People v. Lowery’s Empirical Analysis
2011
Citation profile
19 state decisions
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 871 (Presidential Threat Protection Act of 2000)
Relies on Rav v. City of St Paul Minnesota · Watts v. United States · Virginia v. Black · 28 Cal. 4th 828 - Myers v. Philip Morris Companies, Inc. · United States v. Orozco-Santillan
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 19 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“as applying only to those threatening statements that a reasonable listener would understand, in light of the context and surrounding circumstances, to constitute a true threat, ... rather than an expression of jest or frustration. The latter category carries First Amendment protection; the former does not. [Citation.]”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“proof that the speaker intended to inflict the threatening harm immediately, or had the apparent ability to do so”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.