Pugh v. Tribune Co.’s Empirical Analysis
521 F.3d 686 · 2008
Citation profile
15 federal appellate · 8 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 99 later decisions — most recently April 2024 · most notably Morrison v. National Australia Bank Ltd. (2008), Mizzaro v. Home Depot, Inc. (2008)
15 federal appellate · 8 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 15 U.S.C. § 78J (§ 10 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) · 15 U.S.C. § 78T (§ 20 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) · 15 U.S.C. § 78U (§ 21d of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) · 29 U.S.C. § 1104 (§ 404 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974)
Relies on Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly · Tellabs, Inc. v. Makor Issues & Rights, Ltd. · United States v. Bestfoods · Stoneridge Investment Partners, LLC v. Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. · American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Inc. v. Hydrolevel Corp.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 99 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(1) a material misrepresentation or omission by the defendant; (2) scienter; (3) a connection between the misrepresentation or omission and the purchase or sale of a security; (4) reliance upon the misrepresentation or omission; (5) economic loss; and (6) loss causation.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“state with particularity facts giving rise to a strong inference that the defendant acted with the required state of mind.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[T]here is a big difference between knowing about ... reports from [a subsidiary] and knowing that the reports are false.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.