Cross v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1988
Citation profile
4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 4 later decisions — most recently February 2011
4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on North Carolina v. Alford · Harshman v. State · Ross v. State · Sanchez v. State · Boles v. State
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 4 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“If, before sentencing, guilt is denied or there is an apparent protestation of innocence, the court is obliged to enter into a meaningful dialogue with the accused to clearly establish the validity of the plea. Should the court resolve any inconsistency and receive from the defendant his renewed admission of guilt, the acceptance of the plea and judgment of conviction may stand and sentence be imposed. However, if the inconsistency is not resolved, the court must reject the plea and set the course for trial or further proceedings.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Graham v. State“As we view it, a plea of guilty tendered by one who in the same breath protests his innocence, or declares he actually does not know whether or not he is guilty, is no plea at all. Certainly it is not a sufficient plea upon which to base a judgment of conviction. No plea of guilty should be accepted when it appears to be doubtful whether it is being intelligently, and understandingly made, or when it appears that, for any reason, the plea is wholly inconsistent with the realities of the situation.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Mayberry v. State“Cross's claim of innocence, appearing in a report before the court prior to acceptance of the guilty plea, placed upon the hearing court a responsibility of further inquiry. The guilty plea as accepted, over an unaddressed protestation of innocence, was invalid.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Mayberry v. State
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.