Erwine Laverne and Estelle Laverne v. Howard J. Corning, Jr., Mayor’s Empirical Analysis
522 F.2d 1144 · 1975
Citation profile
17 federal appellate · 1 district · 5 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 31 later decisions — most recently September 2018 · most notably Richard Guzman and Mary Ann Guzman v. The Western State Bank of Devils Lake, a North Dakota Corp. (1976), Heimbach v. Village of Lyons (1979)
17 federal appellate · 1 district · 5 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Adickes v. S. H. Kress & Co. · Scheuer v. Rhodes · Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents of Federal Bureau of Narcotics · Monroe v. Pape · Pierson v. Ray
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 31 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Qualified immunity is based on the common-sense rationale that the public interest requires that public officials be able to carry out their discretionary duties and act decisively without the intimidation that would result if good-faith errors in judgment were later to subject them to liability for damages.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Not only must the defendants have acted believing that (their acts) were lawful but also this belief must have been a reasonable one in light of the circumstances.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.