Irwin v. Calhoun’s Empirical Analysis
1981
Citation profile
6 state decisions
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1331 · 28 U.S.C. § 1343 · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Monell v. Department of Social Services of City of New York · United Mine Workers of America v. Gibbs · Edelman v. Jordan · Monroe v. Pape · Quern v. Jordan
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 10 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“hinge[s] entirely on the meaning of ambiguous terms[in G.L.c. 258] and therefore requires interpretation by the state court in light of the legislative intent. In such a case, the question of waiver may thereby be determined by an issue of state law appropriately decided by the state's highest court.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“Does Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 258 by its terms, either expressly or impliedly, indicate the Commonwealth's consent to suit by citizens in federal as well as state courts, thereby waiving its eleventh amendment immunity?”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“[t]he inclusion of the jurisdictional provision in the Massachusetts law makes the question of the extent of the Commonwealth's waiver ambiguous....”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.