United States v. Ramirez’s Empirical Analysis
1998
Citation profile
248 federal appellate · 56 district · 124 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 596 later decisions (5 by the Supreme Court) — most recently November 2023 · most notably Hudson v. Michigan (2006), United States v. Banks (2003)
248 federal appellate · 56 district · 124 state decisions — followed in 25 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedUnited States v. Ramirez (from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Relies on Wong Sun v. United States · Ker v. State of California · Nix v. Williams · Pennsylvania v. Mimms · United States v. Detroit Timber & Lumber Co.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 596 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“In order to justify a “no-knock” entry, the police must have a reasonable suspicion that knocking and announcing their presence, under the particular circumstances, would be dangerous or futile, or that it would inhibit the effective investigation of the crime by, for example, allowing the destruction of evidence. This standard — as opposed to a probable-cause requirement — strikes the appropriate balance between the legitimate law enforcement concerns at issue in the execution of search warrants and the individual privacy interests affected by no-knock entries. This showing is not high ....”
10 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“The officer may break open any outer or inner door or window of a house, or any part of a house, or anything therein, to execute a search warrant, if, after notice of his authority and purpose, he is refused admittance or when necessary to liberate himself or a person aiding him in the execution of the warrant.”
9 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“The general touchstone of reasonableness which governs Fourth Amendment analysis governs the method of execution of the warrant.”
9 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.