Hadley v. Gutierrez’s Empirical Analysis
526 F.3d 1324 · 2008
Citation profile
25 federal appellate · 1 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 126 later decisions — most recently May 2025 · most notably Brown v. City of Huntsville (2010), Fils v. City of Aventura (2011)
25 federal appellate · 1 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act)) · 42 U.S.C. § 1985
Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Graham v. Connor · Mitchell v. Forsyth · Heck v. Humphrey · Bonner v. City of Prichard
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 126 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“For a right to be 'clearly established,' previous case law must have developed it in a concrete factual context so as to make it obvious to a reasonable government actor that his actions violate federal law.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“cases hold[ing] that gratuitous use of force when a criminal suspect is not resisting arrest constitutes excessive force,”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“wholly failed” to establish a constitutional basis for the conspiracy claim, that the plaintiff's complaint provided no explanation of which rights under the Fourteenth Amendment were protected, and that his brief cited no conspiracy cases. Id. at 1332-33 . This case is similar to Hadley in this regard—Cornelius alleged no specific Fourteenth Amendment rights aside from”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.