United States v. Wind’s Empirical Analysis
527 F.2d 672 · 1975
Citation profile
30 federal appellate · 5 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 54 later decisions — most recently April 2023 · most notably United States v. Delker (1985), United States v. Andrews (1980)
30 federal appellate · 5 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 3146 (Bail Reform Act of 1984) · 18 U.S.C. § 3147 (Bail Reform Act of 1984)
Relies on Williams v. People of State of New York · Stack v. Boyle · Bitter v. United States · United States v. James E. Leathers, United States of America v. David Matthew Williams, III · United States v. Gilbert
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 54 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[T]his power should be exercised with great care and only after a hearing which affords the defendant an ample opportunity to refute the charges that if released he might threaten or cause to be threatened a potential witness or otherwise unlawfully interfere with the criminal prosecution.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“In our opinion, reliance on that testimony to any extent was error. No authority was cited to us by the Government which would support resort to the ex parte in camera practice in this case, and we have found none. In general, we disapprove of the practice as being inconsistent with the right to a hearing and the opportunity to refute referred to in Gilbert .”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Wind and his attorney were excluded from the in camera hearing. The District Court reviewed the evidence taken before the Magistrate and held that the Magistrate’s actions were proper, but it also found as a result of the in camera testimony that Wind would flee if released, regardless of bail, and would pose a danger to witnesses and to the community.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.