Texas v. Lesage’s Empirical Analysis
1999
Citation profile
90 federal appellate · 48 district · 5 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 241 later decisions (2 by the Supreme Court) — most recently June 2024 · most notably Jennifer Johnson Aimee Bogrow v. Board of Regents of the University of Georgia Antoine Hester (2001), Wooden v. Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia (2001)
90 federal appellate · 48 district · 5 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedthe decision below (from Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1981 (Civil Rights Act of 1866) · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act)) · 42 U.S.C. § 2000D
Relies on Mt. Healthy City School District Board of Education v. Doyle · Crawford-El v. Britton · Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena · Northeastern Florida Chapter of the Associated General Contractors of America v. City of Jacksonville · Board of County Commissioners Wabaunsee County Kansas v. Umbehr
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 241 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The government can avoid liability by proving that it would have made the same decision without the impermissible motive.”
8 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[o]f course, a plaintiff who challenges an ongoing race-conscious program and seeks forward-looking relief need not affirmatively establish that he would receive the benefit in question if race were not considered.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[i]nsofar as the Court of Appeals held that summary judgment was inappropriate on Lesage's 1983 action seeking damages for the school's rejection of his application . . . even if petitioners conclusively established that Lesage would have been rejected under a race-neutral policy, its decision is inconsistent with this Court's well-established framework for analyzing such claims.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.