53 Ala. App. 75 - Hardy v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1974
Citation profile
44 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 45 later decisions — most recently May 2000 · most notably Miles v. State (1978), 369 So. 2d 863 - Weatherford v. State (1979)
44 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Duncan v. State · Seals v. State · McKee v. State · 35 Ala. App. 147 - Wyatt v. State · Harden v. State
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 45 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Further, the State must prove there was no duress or coercion, express or implied. The consent must be unequivocal and specific, and freely and intelligently given. There must be clear and positive testimony.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. Hall v. State · McLemore v. State“"(1) [U]nder oath, (2) before a tribunal or officer having by law the authority to take testimony and legally requiring an opportunity for cross-examination, (3) under circumstance affording the party against whom the witness was offered an opportunity to test his credibility by cross-examination, and (4) given in a litigation in which the issues and parties were substantially the same as in the present cause, is receivable as evidence in the present trial (5) when the personal attendance of the witness to testify in the present trial is not feasible." [Citations omitted]”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Miles v. State“was evidenced by a statement or some overt act sufficient to indicate an intent to waive the constitutional right,”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. McLemore v. State
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.