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53 Haw. 672

501 P.2d 357

Flint v. MacKenzie

Hawaii Supreme Court

Decided September 20, 1972

Hawaii Supreme Court · decided 1972-09-20

Key passage — most relied on by later courts

“empowered to order [the] lower court to enter summary judgment in favor of [a] non-moving party where no genuine issue as to any material fact existfs] and [the] non-moving party [is] entitled to summary judgment as a matter of law[,] even though [the non-moving] party failed to file a cross motion for summary judgment in the lower court.”

quoted by 2 later decisions, including Dairy Road Partners v. Island Insurance Co., Estate of Doe v. Paul Revere Insurance Group

Relies on Local 33, International Hod Carriers Building And Common Laborers' Union Of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Mason Tenders District Council Of Greater New York · Morrissey v. Curran · 151 W. Va. 1062 - Employers' Liability Assurance Corp. v. Hartford Accident & Indemnity Co.

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Decided 1972-09-20

How this case has been cited

Cited by 30 later decisions — most recently May 2024 · most notably First Ins. Co. of Hawaii v. State (1983), Dairy Road Partners v. Island Insurance Co. (2000)

30 state decisions

100197219801990200020102020decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

View the full empirical analysis of this case →

Per Curiam:

¶1 Appellees, heretofore Lessees, have filed a petition for rehearing in the above entitled matter. They contend, inter alia, that Appellant, heretofore Lessor, never moved for summary judgment in her behalf. Section 12-105, HRS, provides that in an appeal from the circuit courts, the supreme court, “upon determination of any appeal, may enter any judgment the circuit court would be authorized to enter.”

¶2 The question then becomes whether or not the circuit court may enter summary judgment in favor of a nonmoving party. On this point there is a divergence of judicial opinion; however, the great weight of authority answers in the affirmative. 6 Moore, Federal Practice 56.12 at 2242 (2d ed. 1971). Although it may be the better practice to file a cross-motion, we are of the opinion that the proper procedure is for the circuit court to render such relief as may be appropriate for the prevailing party, as required under Rule 54(c), HRCP. Relief should be granted notwithstanding the fact that the party has not filed a demand for such relief.

¶3 The purpose of summary judgment under Rule 56 is to expedite matters where “there is no genuine issue as to any material fact.” This purpose should not be thwarted because one party has not fulfilled the mechanical proce *673 dures normally required. Upon a finding of no genuine issue as to any material fact, the court should enter judgment for that party so entitled as a matter of law. Employers’ Liability Assur. Corp. v. Hartford A & I Co., 158 S.E.2d 212 (W. Va. 1967); Morrissey v. Curren, 423 F.2d 393 (2d Cir. 1970); Briscoe v. Compagnie Nationale Air France, 290 F. Supp. 867 (S.D.N.Y. 1968).

¶4 Clearly, the trial court should be allowed to enter summary judgment for the nonmoving party, and pursuant to HRS § 12-105, this court is likewise empowered. In a case involving an appellate court reversing summary judgment for the movant and entering summary judgment for the non-moving party, Judge Medina said, “. . . [I]t is most desirable that the court cut through mere outworn procedural niceties and make the same decision as would have been made had the defendant made a cross-motion for summary judgment.” Local 33, Int. Hod Carriers, Etc. v. Mason Tenders, Etc., 291 F.2d 496 (2d. Cir. 1961) at 505.

¶5 Appellees’ petition also raises a question involving two letters which are pertinent to our considerations here. The first letter, dated May 8, 1968, was not presented to the circuit court in its hearing of the Motion for Summary Judgment. Said letter was not argued in the memoranda of either counsel. Appellees in their own motion asserted that there was no genuine issue as to any material fact. Such lack of genuine issue is the only basis upon which summary judgment may be granted. Appellees cannot now come into court and contend that there really was a genuine issue of material fact. The other letter, dated July 22, 1968 (which letter was argued to the lower court), does not recite that it is an attempt to exercise the option to purchase. It, in fact, makes no reference to the option, either directly or indirectly. Additionally, unlike the July 29, 1969 letter, there is no indication that in accordance with the lease, Appellees intended to appoint an appraiser to settle any difference between the parties regarding the proposed purchase price.

¶6 Although the letters referred to were not explicitly argued before this court previously, the court has reviewed them *674 and confirms its opinion that neither letter constituted a bona fide attempt on the part of the Appellees to exercise their option to purchase under the terms of the lease. To remand the case for lower court consideration of these letters, just to have the case reappear here where the conclusion reached by this court must necessarily be the same, would not be judicially expedient.

¶7 The petition for rehearing is hereby denied without argument.

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