Leila Jeanne Hill Audrey Himmelmann Everitt Simpsons v. Colorado’s Empirical Analysis
2000
Citation profile
723 federal appellate · 253 district · 361 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 2,187 later decisions (33 by the Supreme Court) — most recently January 2026 · most notably United States v. Williams (2008), 135 S. Ct. 2551 - Johnson v. United States (2015)
723 federal appellate · 253 district · 361 state decisions — followed in 41 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Katz v. United States · Roe v. Wade · Broadrick v. Oklahoma · Grayned v. City of Rockford · United States v. O'Brien
Cited together with Ward v. Rock Against Racism · Hoffman Estates v. Flipside, Hoffman Estates, Inc. · Members of the City Council of Los Angeles v. Taxpayers for Vincent · Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission · Broadrick v. Oklahoma
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 2,187 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“A statute can be impermissibly vague for either of two independent reasons. First, if it fails to provide people of ordinary intelligence a reasonable opportunity to understand what conduct it prohibits. Second, if it authorizes or even encourages arbitrary and discriminatory enforcement.”
46 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“a regulation of the places where some speech may occur.”
17 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent“We have never held, or suggested, that it is improper to look at the content of an oral or written statement in order to determine whether a rule of law applies to a course of conduct.”
14 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.