Coles v. Penny’s Empirical Analysis
531 F.2d 609 · 1976
Citation profile
64 federal appellate · 12 district · 6 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 111 later decisions — most recently July 2016 · most notably Mary P. Laffey v. Northwest Airlines, Inc., Air Line Pilots Association, Non-Aligned Party. Mary P. Laffey v. Northwest Airlines, Inc., Air Line Pilots Association, Non-Aligned Party (1977), Spirides v. Reinhardt (1979)
64 federal appellate · 12 district · 6 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Skidmore v. Swift & Co. · Udall v. Tallman · Love v. Pullman Co. · Trafficante v. Metropolitan Life Insurance · Securities & Exchange Commission v. C. M. Joiner Leasing Corp.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 111 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[Bjecause Title VII is remedial legislation dependent for its enforcement on laymen, we must seek in every case “an interpretation animated by the broad humanitarianism and remedial purposes underlying the federal proscription of employment discrimination,” and resultantly that resort to technicalities to foreclose recourse to administrative or judicial processes is “particularly inappropriate.””
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“the oft-repeated statement that Title VII is remedial in character and should be liberally construed to achieve its purposes.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“(t)he scheme established by Congress relies upon laymen, operating without legal assistance, to initiate both administrative complaints and lawsuits.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.