United States v. Walker’s Empirical Analysis
535 F.2d 896 · 1976
Citation profile
16 federal appellate · 8 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 29 later decisions — most recently April 2011 · most notably Townes v. City of New York (1999), United States v. Ienco (1999)
16 federal appellate · 8 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1708
Relies on Wong Sun v. United States · Beck v. State of Ohio · United States v. Matlock · United States v. Robinson · United States v. Watson
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 29 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“even assuming arguendo that [the off-duty officer’s] arrest of [the defendant] was illegal, it is obvious that the evidence seized by [the on-duty officer] was not discovered through any exploitation of that initial arrest. To hold otherwise on these facts would be tantamount to adopting the “but for” test that the Supreme Court eschewed in Wong Sun .”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.