Hall v. McKenzie’s Empirical Analysis
537 F.2d 1232 · 1976
Citation profile
17 federal appellate · 5 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 30 later decisions (2 by the Supreme Court) — most recently October 2004 · most notably Rummel v. Estelle (1980), Michael M. v. Superior Court of Sonoma County (1981)
17 federal appellate · 5 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Furman v. Georgia · Reed v. Reed · Frontiero v. Richardson · United States v. Ash · Wright v. North Carolina Et Al.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 30 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“occupies a special place in eighth amendment jurisprudence.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Davis v. Davis · Rummel v. Estelle““[BJeing the subject of carnal knowledge for a female of thirteen is not the same as being the subject of carnal knowledge for a male of thirteen. For immutable physiological reasons, the possible consequences for the young female are quite different from those for the young male, and the differences provide a persuasive rationale for defining the respective crimes of carnal knowledge of a male and female separately and making different the consequences of conviction. Even if we assume that the potential psychological damage arising from carnal knowledge of a male of thirteen is as great as that arising from carnal knowledge of a female of thirteen, it is obvious that there is a far greater likelihood of physical injury to a sexually immature female of thirteen than to a sexually immature male of thirteen. More important, a possible consequence of carnal knowledge of a thirteen-year-old female may be to cause her to become pregnant — a physio logical impossibility for a male.” Id. at 1235 . 20”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. State v. Rundlett“[T]he determination of legislative policy for the State of West Virginia is for that state and not us.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.