United States v. Cruz Pagan’s Empirical Analysis
537 F.2d 554 · 1976
Citation profile
36 federal appellate · 9 district · 20 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 76 later decisions — most recently March 2026 · most notably United States v. Rodriguez (1980), United States v. Williams (1987)
36 federal appellate · 9 district · 20 state decisions — followed in 14 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2 · 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act) · 21 U.S.C. § 844 (§ 404 of the Controlled Substances Act) · 21 U.S.C. § 846 (§ 406 of the Controlled Substances Act) · 21 U.S.C. § 952
Relies on Katz v. United States · Blockburger v. United States · Brinegar v. United States · United States v. Ventresca · Curtis Publishing Co. v. Butts
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 76 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Whether or not the agents' entry was a technical trespass is not the relevant inquiry.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“a tenant's [home] cannot reasonably be said to extend beyond his [or her] own apartment and perhaps any separate areas subject to his [or her] exclusive control.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“that a person cannot have a reasonable expectation of privacy ... in such a well travelled common area of an apartment house or condominium.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.