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54 Cal. 3d 140

814 P.2d 290

People v. Mickle

California Supreme Court

Decided August 19, 1991

California Supreme Court · decided 1991-08-19

Relies on 51 Cal. 3d 870 - People v. Medina · 29 Cal. 3d 489 - People v. Samuel

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Decided 1991-08-19

How this case has been cited

Cited by 194 later decisions — most recently August 2021 · most notably 9 Cal. 4th 331 - People v. Scott (1994), 8 Cal. 4th 1060 - People v. Rodrigues (1994)

14 federal appellate · 177 state decisions

8401991200020102020decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

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KENNARD, J.

¶1I concur in the judgment. I agree with most of the majority’s reasoning. I disagree, however, with certain aspects of the majority’s treatment of defendant’s contention that the trial court erred in allowing defendant himself to assert the attorney-client privilege at the competency hearing.

¶2In support of his contention, defendant relied on People v. Samuel (1981) 29 Cal.3d 489 [174 Cal.Rptr. 684, 629 P.2d 485]. In Samuel, we stated that in representing a client “as to whose competence the judge has declared a doubt sufficient to require a [Penal Code] section 1368 hearing,” an attorney “should not be compelled to entrust key decisions about fundamental matters *201to Ms client’s apparently defective judgment.” (Id. at p. 495.) In tMs case, the majority expresses some doubt about “the continuing validity of Samuel” in light of our recent opinion in People v. Medina (1990) 51 Cal.3d 870, 881-885 [274 Cal.Rptr. 849, 799 P.2d 1282], upholding the constitutionality of Penal Code section 1369, subdivision (f), wMch allocates the burden of proof at a competency hearing to the party seeking to establish the defendant’s incompetence. (Maj. opn., ante, p. 183.) In my view, the allocation of the burden of proof at the hearing to determine whether a defendant is competent to stand trial does not alter the fundamental obligation for a criminal defense attorney to render effective representation to a client at such a hearing. Under the statutory scheme governing the procedures for determining competency, there is no hearing until either the court or trial counsel makes an initial determination that the defendant’s mental competence is in doubt. (Pen. Code, § 1368.) Because that imtial determination calls into question the judgment of a defendant who is subject to a section 1368 hearing, Samuel's conclusion that defense counsel should not entrust key decisions to such a defendant was correct.

¶3Also, it does not appear that the attorney-client privilege was even applicable to the specific question asked in tMs case. The attorney representing defendant at die competency hearing called defendant’s trial counsel as a witness and asked Ms opinion of defendant’s competence to stand trial. Because the question as posed would not require trial counsel to reveal the content of any confidential conversations he had with defendant, he could have answered it withoht violating the attorney-client privilege.

¶4As the majority opinion correctly points out, however, we need not consider whether the trial court erred in permitting defendant to invoke the attorney-client privilege. Neither defendant’s trial counsel nor the attorney appointed to represent Mm at the competency hearing objected to defendant’s assertion of the privilege. Thus, the issue was not preserved for appeal.

¶5Broussard, J., concurred.

¶6Appellant’s petition for a rehearing was denied October 30, 1991.

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