Christy v. Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission’s Empirical Analysis
54 F.3d 1140 · 1995
Citation profile
35 federal appellate · 24 district · 3 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 113 later decisions — most recently February 2019 · most notably Richardson v. New York State Department of Correctional Service (1999), Manders v. Lee (2003)
35 federal appellate · 24 district · 3 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1291 · 28 U.S.C. § 1343 · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Edelman v. Jordan · Pennhurst State School and Hospital v. Halderman · Kentucky v. Graham · Will v. Michigan Department of State Police · Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority v. Metcalf & Eddy, Inc.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 113 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(1) whether the payment of the judgment would come from the state; (2) what status the entity has under state law; and (3) what degree of autonomy the entity has.”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. In Re Raphael · In Re Jeffrey“The party asserting Eleventh Amendment immunity 'bears the burden of proving its applicability.'”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.