54 Va. App. 21 - Harper v. Commonwealth’s Empirical Analysis
2009
Citation profile
10
cited by 10 later decisions
3
states following
April 2013
most recently cited
10 state decisions
Relationships
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · United States v. Booker · Blakely v. Washington · Morrissey v. Brewer · Crawford v. Washington
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 10 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The Crawford opinion focuses on the necessity of replacing the [ Ohio v. ] Roberts [, 448 U.S. 56 , 100 S.Ct. 2531 , 65 L.Ed.2d 597 (1980),] standard with what the Court considers to be the original understanding of what the confrontation right is, that is, a procedural guarantee to the accused that he may challenge testimonial evidence against him through the process of cross-examination. The opinion does not contain a similar revision of the type of legal proceedings to which the Confrontation Clause applies. . . . `The Crawford opinion does not state that its rule applies at sentencing; it does not refer to sentencing. While that rule may eventually be extended to the sentencing context, that has not happened yet.'”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.