State v. Rosenfeld’s Empirical Analysis
1995
Citation profile
6
cited by 6 later decisions
2
states following
September 2003
most recently cited
6 state decisions
Relationships
Relies on North Carolina v. Pearce · United States v. Halper · Austin v. United States · Serfass v. United States · Department of Revenue of Mont. v. Kurth Ranch
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 6 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“a defendant who already has been punished in a criminal prosecution may not be subjected to an additional civil sanction to the extent that the second sanction may not fairly be characterized as remedial, but only as a deterrent or retribution.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“criminals who had most successfully parlayed their drug related incomes into substantial assets to retain those assets would frustrate a remedial purpose of the provision permitting forfeiture of the proceeds of illegal activity.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.