Bibbs v. Early’s Empirical Analysis
541 F.3d 267 · 2008
Citation profile
4 federal appellate · 2 state decisions
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1746 · 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Celotex Corporation v. Catrett H · Foman v. Davis · Rhodes v. Chapman · Crawford-El v. Britton · Little v. Liquid Air Corp.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 19 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“To state a valid claim for retaliation under [S]ection 1983, a prisoner must allege (1) a specific constitutional right, (2) the defendant's intent to retaliate against the prisoner for his or her exercise of that right, (3) a retaliatory adverse act, and (4) causation.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Brown v. Taylor“Rule 15 `takes precedence’ over Rule 21 where a party falls within Rule 15 confines—for example, where the party `attempts to drop or add parties by an amended pleading filed before a responsive pleading is served.’”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“may not be retaliatory against [the prisoner's] exercise of constitutional rights”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Brown v. Taylor
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.