United States v. Patrick’s Empirical Analysis
542 F.2d 381 · 1976
Citation profile
180 federal appellate · 9 district · 22 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 263 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently October 2020 · most notably United States v. Apfelbaum (1980), United States v. Balistrieri (1985)
180 federal appellate · 9 district · 22 state decisions — followed in 15 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1510 · 18 U.S.C. § 1621 · 18 U.S.C. § 1623 · 18 U.S.C. § 401 · 18 U.S.C. § 6002 · 28 U.S.C. § 144 · 28 U.S.C. § 1826 · 28 U.S.C. § 455
Relies on United States v. United Mine Workers of America · Kastigar v. United States · United States v. Tucker · Bloom v. Illinois · Barrett v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 263 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[i]t is axiomatic that in determining the propriety of instructions, they are to be viewed as a whole.... As long as the instructions treat the issues fairly and adequately, they will not be interfered with on appeal.”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“'Coercion which will excuse the commission of a criminal act must be immediate and of such nature as to induce a well-grounded apprehension of death or serious bodily injury if the act is not done. One who has full opportunity to avoid the act without danger of that kind cannot invoke the doctrine of coercion.'”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“'[T]he defendant in a criminal case is entitled to have the jury consider any theory of the defense which is supported by law and which has some foundation in the evidence, however tenuous.'”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.