Paulino v. Harrison’s Empirical Analysis
542 F.3d 692 · 2008
Citation profile
11 federal appellate · 1 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 26 later decisions — most recently April 2025 · most notably Crittenden v. Ayers (2010), Lee v. Lampert (2011)
11 federal appellate · 1 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1291 · 28 U.S.C. § 2254 (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996)
Relies on Batson v. Kentucky · Purkett v. Elem · Miller-El v. Dretke · 22 Cal. 3d 258 - People v. Wheeler · Snyder v. Louisiana
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 26 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[wjhere the state fails to meet its burden of production [at step two], the evidence before the district court at step three— the prima facie showing plus the evidence of discrimination drawn from the state’s failure to produce a reason — will establish purposeful discrimination by a preponderance of the evidence in most cases. Indeed, in such cases, there is no race-neutral evidence to weigh.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.