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544 So. 2d 308

Docket No. 88-3145.

Offord v. State

Marsha OFFORD, Appellant, v. STATE of Florida, Appellee.

District Court of Appeal of Florida · decided 1989-05-31

Key passage — most relied on by later courts

“A plea bargain is a contract. A meeting of the minds of the parties is a prerequisite to the existence of an enforceable contract. Where it appears the parties are continuing to negotiate as to essential terms of an agreement, there can be no meeting of the minds. Central Properties, Inc. v. Robbinson, 450 So.2d 277 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984), quashed in part on other grounds, 468 So.2d 986 (Fla.1985). When it appears any party is mistaken, confused or misunderstands such essential terms there can be no meeting of the minds. See Scott v. State, 499 So.2d 29 (Fla. 2d DCA 1986).”

quoted by 1 later decision, including 547 So. 2d 316 - Pate v. State

Relies on Schwartz v. Schwartz · 468 So. 2d 986 - Robbinson v. Central Properties, Inc. · 499 So. 2d 29 - Scott v. State

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Decided 1989-05-31

How this case has been cited

Cited by 5 later decisions — most recently October 2014

5 state decisions

201989199020002010decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

View the full empirical analysis of this case →

¶1*309 Richard L. Jorandby, Public Defender, and Ellen Morris, Asst. Public Defender, West Palm Beach, for appellant.

¶2Robert A. Butterworth, Atty. Gen., Tallahassee, and Katherine V. Blanco, Asst. Atty. Gen., Tampa, for appellee.

¶3GARRETT, Judge.

¶4Appellant appeals the trial court's denial of her Motion to Set Aside Plea.

¶5Appellant was charged with trafficking in 400 grams or more of cocaine. At her arraignment, appellant entered a plea of not guilty. On July 8, 1988 after negotiating with the state, appellant changed her plea to guilty. The negotiations required the appellant to provide substantial assistance pursuant to section 893.135(3), Florida Statutes (1987), in return for a sentence cap of seven years with a mandatory minimum five years instead of the statutory mandatory minimum fifteen years. The state moved several times to postpone sentencing to allow appellant to provide the substantial assistance. On October 20, 1988, appellant was sentenced to fifteen years, a mandatory minimum fifteen years, and the mandatory fine of $250,000.

¶6On October 21, 1988, a U.S. Customs agent spoke on behalf of the appellant. The trial judge expressed his willingness to vacate the sentence if the state would move to reduce the sentence. The state refused. On November 10, 1988, the trial court denied appellant's motion to withdraw her guilty plea.

¶7The record does not contain a copy of any written plea agreement.

¶8The plea colloquy contains statements such as "[Y]ou have to satisfy the police, who would satisfy the State Attorney.... If you don't help them in the way they think you should help, what will happen to you? ... And if you help them, what will happen?"

¶9At a later hearing, appellant contended someone had been "busted" through her efforts.

¶10At the motion to withdraw plea hearing, the prosecutor, explaining office policy in substantial assistance cases, stated, "the offer we make, is that the person must make a case we can prosecute... . she was not able to do it."

¶11A plea bargain is a contract. A meeting of the minds of the parties is a prerequisite to the existence of an enforceable contract. Where it appears the parties are continuing to negotiate as to essential terms of an agreement there can be no meeting of the minds. Central Properties, Inc. v. Robbinson, 450 So.2d 277 (Fla. 1st DCA 1984), quashed in part on other grounds, 468 So.2d 986 (Fla. 1985). Where it appears any party is mistaken, confused or misunderstands such essential terms there can be no meeting of the minds. See Scott v. State, 499 So.2d 29 (Fla. 2d DCA 1986).

¶12We reverse. We cannot conclude appellant knew and understood all of the essential terms of the plea bargain at the time she entered her guilty plea. What was to be substantial assistance appears to have been a subject of continuing negotiations.

¶13*310 REVERSED AND REMANDED with directions to allow appellant to withdraw her guilty plea and for further proceedings.

¶14DELL and POLEN, JJ., concur.

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