United States v. Kaiser’s Empirical Analysis
545 F.2d 467 · 1977
Citation profile
43 federal appellate · 3 district · 3 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 60 later decisions — most recently January 2014 · most notably 25 Cal. 3d 142 - People v. Frierson (1979), United States v. McRae (1979)
43 federal appellate · 3 district · 3 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1111 · 18 U.S.C. § 2031 · 18 U.S.C. § 3005 · 18 U.S.C. § 3432
Relies on Gregg v. Georgia · Furman v. Georgia · Woodson v. North Carolina · Robinson v. State of California · Jurek v. Texas
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 60 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The Court’s five death penalty decisions confirmed the principle that a system of capital punishment that does not clearly define standards to guide the exercise of sentencing discretion is constitutionally intolerable. This statute fully violated that principle; the sentence of death by electrocution shall be set aside.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. United States v. Gay“Whoever is guilty of murder in the first degree, shall suffer death unless the jury qualifies its verdict by adding thereto 'without capital punishment,' in which event he shall be sentenced to imprisonment for life.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.