United States v. Smith’s Empirical Analysis
546 F.2d 1275 · 1977
Citation profile
69 federal appellate · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 90 later decisions (1 by the Supreme Court) — most recently April 2024 · most notably United States v. Phillips (1981), Watkins v. Sowders (1981)
69 federal appellate · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2314
Relies on Glasser v. United States · Simmons v. United States · Neil v. Biggers · Holland v. United States · Pereira v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 90 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“'[a]n act on the part of a defendant which contributes to the execution of a crime and the intent to aid its commission.'”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“so impermissibly suggestive as to give rise to a very substantial likelihood of irreparable misidentification”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“An evidentiary hearing [by the trial court] is not required [to determine the basis for an in-court identification] where none of the critical facts are in dispute and the facts as alleged by the defendant if true would not justify relief requested.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Hill v. Wyrick
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.