Muhammad v. Oliver’s Empirical Analysis
547 F.3d 874 · 2008
Citation profile
10 federal appellate · 2 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 48 later decisions — most recently February 2024 · most notably Ennenga v. Starns (2012), Czarniecki v. City of Chicago (2011)
10 federal appellate · 2 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1981 (Civil Rights Act of 1866)
Relies on Jones v. Bock · Sullivan v. Little Hunting Park, Inc. · CBOCS West, Inc. v. Humphries · Arizona v. California · Tamayo v. Blagojevich
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 48 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[I]f there [were] a[ valid reason], one would expect an allegation to that effect. There is none. The ... silence is deafening.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.