Grubbs v. Butz’s Empirical Analysis
548 F.2d 973 · 1976
Citation profile
31 federal appellate · 13 district · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 79 later decisions (4 by the Supreme Court) — most recently July 1999 · most notably Christiansburg Garment Co. v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (1978), Hanrahan v. Hampton (1980)
31 federal appellate · 13 district · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green · Alyeska Pipeline Service Company v. Wilderness Society · Bradley v. School Board of City of Richmond · Newman v. Piggie Park Enterprises, Inc. · F. D. Rich Co. v. United States Ex Rel. Industrial Lumber Co.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 79 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[From these debates] two purposes for § 706(k) emerge. First, Congress desired to 'make it easier for a plaintiff of limited means to bring a meritorious suit' . . . . But second, and equally important, Congress intended to 'deter the bringing of lawsuits without foundation' by providing that the 'prevailing party'—be it plaintiff or defendant could obtain legal fees.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“* * * we cannot believe Congress would have countenanced assessing fees against a defendant absent any showing of discrimination. For all that we now know, the defendants in this case may be entirely blameless.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“make it easier for a plaintiff of limited means to bring a meritorious suit,”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.