Irons v. Gottschalk’s Empirical Analysis
548 F.2d 992 · 1976
Citation profile
20 federal appellate · 4 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 31 later decisions — most recently January 2009 · most notably Mead Data Central, Inc. v. United States Department of Air Force (1977), Founding Church of Scientology of Washington, D. C., Inc. v. National Security Agency (1979)
20 federal appellate · 4 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 294 · 35 U.S.C. § 11 (§ 12 of the Patent Act of 1952) · 35 U.S.C. § 122 · 5 U.S.C. § 552 (Freedom of Information Act) · 5 U.S.C. § 552B (Administrative Procedure Act of 1946)
Relies on Vaughn v. Rosen · Hall v. Cole · Edward S. Irons v. William B. Schuyler, Commissioner of Patents · Sears v. Gottschalk
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 31 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“special master might make determinations as to whether certain portions of manuscript decisions are exempt or non-exempt.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Irons v. Diamond“internal procedures that will assure that disclosable information can be easily separated from that which is exempt.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“The appellant has made as specific a request as possible for the 175 volumes and other manuscript decisions.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Irons v. Diamond
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.