United States v. Ford’s Empirical Analysis
548 F.3d 1 · 2008
Citation profile
7 federal appellate · 22 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 30 later decisions — most recently July 2022 · most notably United States v. Camacho (2011), United States v. Dancy (2011)
7 federal appellate · 22 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 922 (Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 924
Relies on Terry v. Ohio · Almendarez-Torres v. United States · Florida v. Royer · United States v. Mendenhall · Florida v. Bostick
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 30 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The Fourth Amendment provides that “the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated.” U.S. Const. Amend. IV. The primary purpose of the Fourth Amendment is “to prevent arbitrary and oppressive interference by enforcement officials with the privacy and personal security of individuals.’ ” I.N.S. v. Delgado, 466 U.S. 210 , 104 S.Ct. 1758 , 80 L.Ed.2d 247 (1984) (quoting United States v. Martinez-Fuerte, 428 U.S. 543, 554 , 96 S.Ct. 3074 , 49 L.Ed.2d 1116 (1986)).”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“Examples of circumstances that might indicate a seizure, even where the person did not attempt to leave, would be the threatening presence of several officers, the display of a weapon by an officer, some physical touching of the person of the citizen, or the use of language or tone of voice indicating that compliance with the officer’s request might be compelled.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“[n]ot every interaction - 19 - between a police officer and a citizen constitutes a seizure triggering Fourth Amendment protections.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.