Zellers v. Huff’s Empirical Analysis
1951
Citation profile
2 federal appellate · 2 district · 27 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 33 later decisions (2 by the Supreme Court) — most recently December 2018 · most notably School District of Abington Township Pennsylvania v. Schempp J Murray III (1963), Al Friedman v. Board Of County Commissioners Of Bernalillo County (1985)
2 federal appellate · 2 district · 27 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Everson v. Board of Education · People of State of Illinois McCollum v. Board of Education of School Dist No 71 Champaign County Ill · State Indiana Anderson v. Brand · State v. Diamond · Taos County Board of Education v. Sedillo
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 33 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“"The schools, colleges, universities and other educational institutions provided for by this Constitution shall forever remain under the exclusive control of the state, and no part of the proceeds arising from the sale or disposal of any lands granted to the state by Congress, or any other funds appropriated, levied or collected for educational purposes, shall be used for the support of any sectarian, denominational or private school, college or university."”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage““13. It is hereby ordered, adjudged and decreed and declared and declaratory judgment is hereby given prohibiting the members of the State Board of Education named as defendants herein from providing or authorizing free school bus transportation for pupils attending a parochial or sectarian school. “2. That the defendants named and designated in paragraph twelve of this judgment relating to the first cause of action be and each of them are hereby permanently enjoined and restrained from permitting, allowing or consenting to the transportation of pupils attending parochial schools by transportation furnished by the State of New Mexico in connection with the furnishing of school bus transportation. “That the defendants herein who are members of any Board of Education named as defendants herein and all boards of education who are named as the defendants herein the same being named in paragraph numbered twelve of the portion of this judgment and decree relating to the first clause of action be and each of them are hereby enjoined and restrained from using or permitting the use of tax funds for the purpose of subsidizing parochial schools.””
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Zellers v. Huff““No teacher shall use any sectarian or denominational books in the schools or teach sectarian doctrine in . the schools, and any teacher violating the provisions of this section shall be immediately discharged, his certificate to teach school revoked, and be forever barred from receiving any school moneys and employment in the public schools in the state. Provided, that this section shall not be construed to interfere with the use of school buildings for other purposes authorized by the county board after school hours.””
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Miller v. Cooper
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.