Graffals Gonzalez v. Garcia Santiago’s Empirical Analysis
550 F.2d 687 · 1977
Citation profile
39 federal appellate · 29 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 73 later decisions — most recently March 2010 · most notably Fernandez v. Chardon (1982), Garcia v. Wilson (1984)
39 federal appellate · 29 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Elrod v. Burns · Johnson v. Railway Express Agency, Inc. · Runyon v. McCrary · Victor Rivera Morales v. Celeste Benitez De Rexach, Esther Pedroza Gabriel v. Celeste Benitez
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 73 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Quoting from Dean Prosser, we have held: “ ‘The duties of conduct which give rise to [tort actions] are imposed by the law and are based primarily upon social policy . . . .’ ” Lexington Ins. Co. v. Abarca Warehouses Corp., 476 F.2d 44, 46 (1st Cir. 1973). The only clear-cut federal claim stated by appellant’s complaint is that he was fired for political reasons. This suggests a claim founded on Elrod v. Burns, [ 427 U.S. 347 , 96 S.Ct. 2673 , 49 L.Ed.2d 547 ] supra. Elrod imposes on government officers a duty grounded in social policies expressed by the First Amendment. Violations of that duty are torts, not breaches of contract. 550 F.2d at 688 .”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.