Armstrong v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1977
Citation profile
86 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 86 later decisions — most recently February 2013 · most notably Livingston v. State (1987), Woods v. State (1997)
86 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Terry v. Ohio · Schneckloth v. Bustamonte · Adams v. Williams · United States v. Brignoni-Ponce · Strunk v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 86 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““The Fourth Amendment does not require a policeman who lacks the precise level of information necessary for probable cause to arrest to simply shrug his shoulders and allow a crime to occur or a criminal to escape. * * * A brief stop of a suspicious individual, in order to determine his identity or to maintain the status quo momentarily while obtaining more information may be most reasonable in light of the facts then known.””
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the dissente.g. Jones v. State“In order to justify an intrusion, by means of physical force or show of authority, however slight it might be, the officer involved must be able to point to specific and articulable facts which in light of his experience and general knowledge taken together with rational inferences from those facts, reasonably warrant that intrusion.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the dissente.g. Miller v. State
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.