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553 So. 2d 1366

Docket No. 88-2150.

State v. Carmody

STATE of Florida, Appellant, v. Stephen CARMODY, Appellee.

District Court of Appeal of Florida

Decided December 21, 1989.

District Court of Appeal of Florida · decided 1989-12-21

Cited by 7 later decisions — most recently October 2006

7 state decisions

Key passage — most relied on by later courts

“for which a law enforcement officer is authorized to make a warrantless arrest, when the offense is committed in the officer's presence.”

quoted by 1 later decision, including State v. Holland

Relies on 491 So. 2d 276 - Bender v. First Fidelity Savings & Loan Ass'n of Winter Park · 500 So. 2d 540 - Florida Bar v. Stahl · 472 So. 2d 1177 - CU Associates, Inc. v. RB Grove, Inc.

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Decided 1989-12-21

View the full empirical analysis of this case →

¶1Robert A. Butterworth, Atty. Gen., Tallahassee, and Dee R. Ball, Asst. Atty. Gen., Daytona Beach, for appellant.

¶2No appearance for appellee.

¶3SHARP, Chief Judge.

¶4The state appeals from the trial court's order suppressing evidence seized from appellee, Carmody, following a warrantless arrest by a police officer for a traffic violation. *1367 The officer arrested Carmody for transferring a Pennsylvania license plate to a vehicle illegally, a misdemeanor in the second degree,[1] but he did not personally see Carmody transfer the tag. Relying on Phillips v. State,531 So.2d 1044 (Fla. 4th DCA 1988), the trial court suppressed evidence linking Carmody to various recent bank robberies, obtained as a result of the arrest. We reverse because in this case the police officer had a valid basis to make an arrest on other grounds.

¶5The facts were not in material dispute. Deputy Kusek saw Carmody's vehicle run a stop sign. He stopped the car and sought to check Carmody's driver's license and vehicle registration. Carmody could not produce either one. Kusek determined that the vehicle had a Pennsylvania tag which did not belong to the vehicle. Carmody explained he had just picked the car up at an auto auction, but the dates did not jibe with the license tag.

¶6Kusek ran a license check on Carmody and found he had a license issued in the name of Baker. Upon request, Carmody was unable to produce any document on his person or in the car to establish his identity. Having observed a wallet in Carmody's pocket, Kusek suggested that Carmody look through it to see if he did not have some form of identification.

¶7Carmody flipped through the wallet, saying he had nothing. He then handed the wallet to Kusek, and told him to look for himself. In so doing, Kusek saw a folded piece of paper which contained a hand written note. It said: "Remain calm. Put all your money in the envelopes. No tricks. No red dye."

¶8After seeing the note, Kusek suspected he was dealing with a robbery suspect. He arrested Carmody for the license plate offense and seized the note. He also contacted a robbery detective who knew of various recent bank robberies in the Orlando area in which the robber had used similar notes. Kusek took Carmody to police headquarters where he was subsequently identified as the person who had written the other notes used in the bank robberies. This case involves Carmody's prosecution for those robberies.

¶9We agree that Carmody's arrest for the license tag offense was invalid because the police officer did not observe Carmody doing the act forbidden by the statute (illegal attachment), and he did not have a warrant. Phillips. However, Kusek did personally observe Carmody run a stop sign, and he witnessed Carmody's failure to produce a valid driver's license. Both are offenses[2] for which a law enforcement officer is authorized to make a warrantless arrest, when the offense is committed in the officer's presence.[3]

¶10That Kusek did not arrest Carmody for either valid reason, but instead arrested him on an unsupportable one, does not affect the validity of the arrest. Thomas v. State,395 So.2d 280 (Fla. 3d DCA 1981). See also, State v. Blanco,513 So.2d 739 (Fla. 3d DCA 1987); Gasset v. State,490 So.2d 97, 98 (Fla. 3d DCA), rev. denied,500 So.2d 544 (Fla. 1986); State v. Irvin,483 So.2d 461, 462 (Fla. 5th DCA), rev. denied,491 So.2d 279 (Fla. 1986); McCarter v. State,463 So.2d 546, 549 (Fla. 5th DCA), rev. denied,472 So.2d 1181 (Fla. 1985). Phillips is factually distinguishable because Phillips apparently did not commit other acts for which a valid arrest could have been made without a warrant. Since we find a valid arrest occurred, although not for the offense stated, the evidence seized is admissible and the motion to suppress should have been denied.

¶11REVERSED and REMANDED.

¶12DAUKSCH and HARRIS, JJ., concur.

NOTES

¶13[1] § 320.261, Fla. Stat. (1987).

¶14[2] §§ 316.123(2)(a), 322.15(1), Fla. Stat. (1987).

¶15[3] 901.15(1) and (5), Fla. Stat. (1987).

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