Exxon Shipping Co. v. Baker’s Empirical Analysis
554 U.S. 471 · 2008
Citation profile
45 federal appellate · 70 district · 35 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 301 later decisions (14 by the Supreme Court) — most recently September 2025 · most notably Stern v. Marshall (2011), Richison v. Ernest Group, Inc. (2011)
45 federal appellate · 70 district · 35 state decisions — followed in 20 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedthe decision below (from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Applies 12 U.S.C. § 2607 · 15 U.S.C. § 1117 (§ 35 of the Trademark Act of 1946 (Lanham Act)) · 15 U.S.C. § 15 (§ 4 of the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914) · 15 U.S.C. § 1693F · 16 U.S.C. § 703 (Arctic Tundra Habitat Emergency Conservation Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 1964 (§ 901 of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) · 18 U.S.C. § 3551 (Mandatory Victims Restitution Act of 1996) · 18 U.S.C. § 3553
Relies on Erie Co v. Tompkins · Neil v. Biggers · Singleton v. Wulff · Koon v. United States · Boyd v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 301 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“may not be used to relitigate old matters, or to raise arguments or present evidence that could have been raised prior to the entry of judgment.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent“To be sure, Congress retains superior authority in these matters, and [i]n this era, an admiralty court should look primarily to these legislative enactments for policy guidance. Miles v. Apex Marine Corp., 498 U.S. 19 , 27, 111 S.Ct. 317 , 112 L.Ed.2d 275 (1990). But we may not slough off our responsibilities for common law remedies because Congress has not made a first move, and the absence of federal legislation constraining punitive damages does not imply a congressional decision that there should be no quantified rule.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“Nothing in this section shall affect or modify in any way the obligations of any owner or operator of any vessel, or of any owner or operator of any onshore facility or offshore facility to any person or agency under any provision of law for damages to any publicly owned or privately owned property resulting from a discharge of any oil or hazardous substance or from the removal of any such oil or hazardous substance.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.