State v. Predka’s Empirical Analysis
1996
Citation profile
1 federal appellate · 28 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 30 later decisions — most recently June 2019 · most notably Garcia v. State (2001), State v. Cline (2000)
1 federal appellate · 28 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1956 (§ 1352 of the Money Laundering Control Act of 1986) · 18 U.S.C. § 371 · 18 U.S.C. § 924 · 18 U.S.C. § 981 (§ 1366 of the Money Laundering Control Act of 1986) · 19 U.S.C. § 1607 (Tariff Act of 1930) · 19 U.S.C. § 1615 (Tariff Act of 1930) · 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act) · 21 U.S.C. § 846 (§ 406 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on Katz v. United States · North Carolina v. Pearce · Whren v. United States · United States v. Halper · Austin v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 30 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Probable cause is not determined by observation of and reliance on any particular factor. Probable cause to make an arrest turns upon the circumstances of each case. The facts must give rise to something more than a mere suspicion, but they need not be so strong as to convince officers involved in the arrest of a suspect's guilt. Probable cause exists if the totality of the circumstances as viewed by a reasonable and prudent person would lead that person to believe that a crime has been or is being committed and that the arrestee committed or is committing it.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passagee.g. State v. Horton · State v. Lovig
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.