Atkins v. Lanning’s Empirical Analysis
556 F.2d 485 · 1977
Citation profile
51 federal appellate · 13 district · 9 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 111 later decisions — most recently March 2017 · most notably Myers v. Morris (1987), No. 90-6051 (1991)
51 federal appellate · 13 district · 9 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Scheuer v. Rhodes · Paul v. Davis · Imbler v. Pachtman · Pierson v. Ray · Griffin v. Breckenridge
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 111 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““In Waits v. McGowan, 516 F.2d 203 (3rd Cir. 1975), the court of appeals held at page 207: “ ‘An investigator directly employed by the district attorney to do a particular investigative job related to the prosecution of an accused is not the equivalent of the ordinary police officer, who is empowered by the state to initiate discretionary acts depriving others of their rights and whose many activities in the prevention of crime and enforcement of law need not be related to the judicial process.’ “As to the district attorney’s investigators, it would hardly seem reasonable to exculpate the district attorney and to not immunize his underlings. See Guerro v. Mulheam, 498 F.2d 1249 (1st Cir. 1974); Lewis v. Brautigam, 227 F.2d 124 (5th Cir. 1955). The cases cited by the district court involve police officers or police investigators: Scheuer [v. Rhodes, 416 U.S. 232 , 40 L.Ed.2d 90 , 94 S.Ct. 1683 (1974)], involved the executive branch of government, not the judicial branch. The situation is different where the district attorney’s staff (who are inextricably tied to the quasi-judicial process of initiating, preparing, and presenting a case) have made an error than it is when the police have carelessly or falsely arrested or injured someone.””
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[i]t does not follow that all invasions, however trivial or frivolous, serve to activate remedies under the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment as well as those parts of the Bill of Rights which are incorporated in and made a part of due process.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“the district attorney unfortunately caught appellant in the general dragnet,”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Myers v. Morris
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.