United States v. Cruz’s Empirical Analysis
559 F.2d 300 · 1977
Citation profile
7 federal appellate ·
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 371 · 8 U.S.C. § 1324 (§ 274 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 (McCarran-Walter))
Relies on Wong Sun v. United States · United States v. Brignoni-Ponce · Stone v. Powell · Alderman v. United States · Silverthorne Lumber Co. v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 7 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“to so extend the exclusionary rule in light of the current debate in the United States Supreme Court about the proper role of the exclusionary rule when one must balance between deterring police misconduct and protecting society by using reliable evidence to convict criminal offenders.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“Even assuming, arguendo, the lack of probable cause for the arrest, appellants have no standing'to challenge the invasion of another’s rights. Fourth amendment rights are personal rights which may not be vicariously asserted.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.