United States v. Downs’s Empirical Analysis
56 F.3d 973 · 1995
Citation profile
5 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 9 later decisions — most recently March 2016
5 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1111 · 18 U.S.C. § 1114 · 26 U.S.C. § 5841 (§ 201 of the Gun Control Act of 1968)
Relies on United States v. Burks · United States v. Blue Thunder · United States v. Young · United States v. Karunatileka
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 9 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(1) facts about how and what the defendant did prior to the actual killing which show he was engaged in ... planning activity; (2) facts about the defendant’s prior relationship and conduct with the victim from which motive may be inferred; and (3) facts about the nature of the killing from which it may be inferred that the manner of killing was so particular and exacting that the defendant must have intentionally killed [the victim] according to a preconceived design.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.