Commonwealth v. Butler’s Empirical Analysis
2000
Citation profile
3 federal appellate · 36 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 39 later decisions — most recently July 2021 · most notably Commonwealth v. Maldonado (2003), Commonwealth v. Shiffler (2005)
3 federal appellate · 36 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Apprendi v. New Jersey · Almendarez-Torres v. United States · McMillan v. Pennsylvania · Jones v. United States · American Steamship Owners Mutual Protection & Indemnity Ass'n v. United States Lines, Inc.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 39 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“notwithstanding any other provision of this title or other statute to the contrary.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“presumption of high risk dangerous offender”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. Warren v. Kyler
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.