Arizona Christian School Tuition Organization v. Winn’s Empirical Analysis
563 U.S. 125 · 2011
Citation profile
21 federal appellate · 9 district · 13 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 149 later decisions (49 by the Supreme Court) — most recently January 2026 · most notably Hosanna-Tabor Evangelical Lutheran Church & School v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (2012), Byrd v. United States (2018)
21 federal appellate · 9 district · 13 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedthe decision below (from Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Applies 2 U.S.C. § 622 · 2 U.S.C. § 632 · 28 U.S.C. § 1341 · 31 U.S.C. § 1105
Relies on Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife · Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church and State, Inc. · Allen v. Wright · Flast v. Cohen · Hagans v. Lavine
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 149 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““[The Court]: So if you are right,. . . the Court was without authority to decide Walz, Nyquist, Hunt, Mueller, [and] Hibbs [v. Winn,] this very case, just a few years ago? . . . [Solicitor General]: Right. . . . [M]y answer to you is yes. [The Court]: I just want to make sure I heard your answer to the— you said the answer is yes. In other words, you agree . . . those cases were wrongly decided. . . . [Y]ou would have said there would have been no standing in those cases. [Solicitor General]: No taxpayer standing.” Tr. of Oral Arg. 10-12 (some paragraph breaks omitted).”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the dissent“[T]he plaintiff must have suffered an injury in fact-an invasion of a legally-protected interest which is (a) concrete and particularized, and (b) actual or imminent, not conjectural or hypothetical.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“[w]hen a potential jurisdictional defect is neither noted nor discussed in a federal decision, the decision does not stand for the proposition that no defect existed.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrencee.g. Kell v. Benzon
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.